Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are networks of interconnected nodes, where each node is a virtual programme which can run on any device. Each node has a specific function and can communicate with the others within the same network, regardless of whether they are running on the same or a different device.
The functions can be very diverse, ranging from data capture or storage with different communication protocols, analysis based on AI models and algorithms and in some cases, customised functions running an external code.
These systems offer huge flexibility as by adjusting the number of nodes and their configuration, the network can be adapted to collect data from one process or another, change this data flow within the network, how it is analysed and where it is stored. In addition, having configurable nodes through an interface allows changes to be made much more quickly and easily, by filling in fields and information that change their operation but without the need to change the way they are programmed.
Production processes are becoming increasingly complex and complete, with a large number of actuators and different forms of communication between them, often requiring complex software architectures to support the entire industrial production chain.
CPS avoids having to make unique and customised developments for each process. The flexibility offered by having separate, interconnected nodes means that a CPS can support any type of industrial process just by changing the number and configuration of the nodes used.